INNOVATIVE PRACTICES
NAME:
DESIGNATION: PRIMARY TEACHER
CLASS: I
SUBJECT : ENGLISH
TOPIC: DEVELOPING LISTENING AND SPEAKING SKILLS THROUGH GAMES
DEVELOPING LISTENING AND SPEAKING SKILLS THROUGH GAMES
CORRECT ME IF IAM WRONG
Students will listen to the story . After that they will be given statements. Students to do THUMBS UP if it is correct ,THUMBS DOWN if it is wrong and have to correct the sentence
LINK FOR VIDEO:
IDENTIFY THE SOUNDS
Audio will be played on sounds of the animals and students to listen the audio and identify the sounds of the animals. After listening they name the animals ,bring and show the animal.They enjoy making the sounds of the animals too .
MEMORY GAME
Showing the picture and making students to observe for 15-20 sec. Then asking questions to them based on the picture . They recollect what they saw and tell the answer and show them too.
BRING ME SOMETHING……
Students will be given instructions like….. Bring me something that is yellow and we can eat it .Students will listen and then go and bring us something like mango,banana etc and just tell us about it
DUMB CHARADES
Students guess a word or phrase from a acted clue by the teacher.
Next Students to act and teachers to find the word
Students learn words by enjoying this activity
Taking one of the game BUILDING BLOCKS
BUILDING BLOCKS
Making tall buildings
Students use the building blocks . They may be asked to make tall buildings and to find the tallest among all. They need to find the number of blocks used also . They enjoy the counting activity….
Making an apartment using the blocks
With the same Building block students can be asked to make apartments. Creating situation and showing them that if Ram lives in second floor and Ragu lives in sixth floor of the apartment, Find how many floors are inbetween.
Making robots using the blocks
Students enjoy making robots using the blocks .They compare what colours they used ,how many blocks they used etc. They unknowingly starts counting.
Concepts learnt through building blocks
Forward counting
Backward counting
Addition
Subtraction
Pattern
Skip counting
Compare- more, less
THANK YOU
Correct me if Iam wrong
Identify the sounds
Bring me something …..
Memory game
Charades
CLASS 6
| CLASS VI | ||||
CHAPTER/ No. OF PERIODS | TOPIC TO BE COVERED | LEARNING OBJECTIVES | LEARNING OUTCOMES | ACTIVITES / PRACTICALS |
1. KNOWING OUR NUMBERS (10 PERIODS) | 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Comparing Numbers 1.3 Large Numbers in Practice 1.5 Roman Numerals | 1. To encounter situations having numbers up to 8 digits. Eg.cost of property,population of a country etc. 2. Compare numbers through situations like cost of two houses,number of spectators etc. | 1. Solves problems involving large numbers by applying appropriate operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division). 2. Recognises and appreciates (through patterns) the broad classification of numbers as even, odd, primes ,co-primes etc. | 1. To frame 3 digit, 4 digit or 5 digit numbers from the given flash cards and select and compare them. 2. To verify distributive property of multiplication over addition of whole numbers. 3. (ACTIVITY4) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
2. WHOLE NUMBERS (8 PERIODS) | 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Whole numbers 2.3 The Numberline | 1. Classify numbers based on their properties like even, odd, prime, composite etc. 2. To construct and solve word problems based on basic operations on whole numbers. | ||
2. WHOLE NUMBERS….Contd | 2.4 Properties of Whole Numbers | 1. To evolve properties of whole numbers like closure, commutative, associative, distributive, additive & multiplicative identity. | ||
3. PLAYING WITH NUMBERS (15 PERIODS) | 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Factors and Multiples 3.3 Prime and Composite Numbers 3.4 Tests for Divisibility Of Numbers 3.5 Common Factors and Common Multiples 3.7 Prime Factorisation | 1. To observe patterns that lead to disibility by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 & 11 2. to visualise the factors and multiples of a number, similarity and differences. 3. To understand the concept and use of LCM & HCF of numbers. 4. Applies prime factorisation to find HCF & LCM of numbers. | 1. Applies HCF or LCM in a particular situation. | 1. To find the HCF of two given numbers. 2. To find LCM of two given numbers. 3. (ACTIVITY5) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
3.PLAYING WIH NUMBERS……Contd | 3.8 Highest Common Factor 3.9 Lowest Common Mltiple 3.10 Some Problems on HCF & LCM | 1. To develop his own stategy to identify appropriate situation to use the concept of LCM & HCF. | ||
4.BASIC GEOMETRICAL IDEAS (8 PERIODS) | 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Points 4.3 Line Segment 4.4 A line 4.5 Intersecting lines 4.6 Parallel lines 4.7 Ray 4.8 Curves 4.9 Polygons 4.10 Angles 4.11 Triangles 4.12 Quadrilaterals 4.13 Circles | 1. To understand the basics of geometry and defines them. 2. To understand about the shapes and generalise that a closed figure divides the surface into 3 parts. 3. To link the shapes available in the nature to the classroom learning and differentiates them. 4. Classifies figures as open and closed. 5. Classifies angles into different types based on their measurements and describes elements of angles like vertices, arms, interior and exterior. 6. To describe vertice, sides, angles, altitude, median and interior and exterior and exterior of a triangle. 7. To classify different parts of a quadrilateral. 8. To understand circles and its components like centre, radius etc. | 1. Describes geometrical ideas like line, line segment, open and closed figures, angle, triangle, quadrilateral, circle, etc., with the help of examples in surroundings. 2. Demonstrates an understanding of angles by identifying examples of angles in the surroundings. | 1. To collect pictures from surroundings/environment representing ray, parallel lines,intersecting lines. 2. To make different types of polygons using colour paper.Identifying the shapes and pasting them in the notebook by writing their names. 3. (ACTIVITY24) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
5. UNDERSTANDING ELEMENTARY SHAPES (15 PERIODS) | 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Measuring Line Segments 5.3 Angles - Right & Straight 5.4 Angles - Acute ,Obtuse& Reflex 5.5 Measuring Angles 5.6 Perpendicular Lines 5.7 Classification of Triangles 5.8 Quadrilaterals 5.9 Polygons 5.10 Three Dimensional shapes | 1. To understand the measuring techniques and measures accordingly. 2. To understand the elementary shapes and defines them. 3. To classify angles based on the amount of rotation. 4. Link plane shapes to solid shapes,or 2D to 3D. 5. To classify given set of triangles based on their angles and sides. 6. To classify the given set of quadrilaterals based on their properties. 7. To identify and draw various polygons. 8. To discuss the various aspects of a 3D object like edges, vertices and faces. | 1. Demonstrates an understanding of angles by Classifying angles according to their measure. 2. Estimating the measure of angles using 45°, 90°, and 180° as reference angles. 3. Classifies triangles into different groups/types on the basis of their angles and sides. For example - scalene, isosceles or equilateral on the basis of sides, etc. 4. Classifies quadrilaterals into different groups/ types on the basis of their sides/ angles. 5. Identifies various (3-D) objects like sphere, cube, cuboid, cylinder, cone from the surroundings. 6. Describes and provides examples of edges, vertices and faces of 3-D objects | 1. To make a parallelogram, rectangle, square and trapezium using set square 2. (ACTIVITY22) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf 3. To form different angles and measure them. 4. (ACTIVITY22) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
6.INTEGERS (7 PERIODS) | 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Integers 6.3 Addition of Integers 6.4 Subtraction of Integers | 1. To understand and need of extending the number family from natural numbers to integers through whole numbers. 2. To visualise the number line and uses that for operations. 3. To relate integers to daily life situations. | 1. Solves problem involving addition and subtraction of integers | 1. To add and subtract integers using counters (or button). 2. (ACTIVITY1) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/school-kit/kit_manual_UP_math.pdf |
7. FRACTIONS (15 PERIODS) | 7.1 Introduction 7.2 A Fraction 7.3 Fractions on a Number Line 7.4 Proper Fraction 7.5 Improper and Mixed Fraction 7.6 Equivalent Fraction | 1. To represent pictoral form to fraction and vice-versa. 2. To understand and need of extending the number family from natural numbers to fractions through integers . 3. To link the fractions to the situation outside the class. 4. To apply the basic operations on fractions.ie.to find the sum & differences of fractions to enhance the computational skill. | 1. Uses fractions in different situations which involve money, length, weight etc. For example, 7½ metres of cloth, distance between two places is 112.5 km etc. | |
7. FRACTIONS……Contd | 7.7 Simplest Form of a Fraction 7.8 Like Fraction 7.9 Comparing Fraction 7.10 Addition & Subtraction of Fractions | 1. To be able to simplify the given fraction to its simplest form. 2. To identify different types of fractions. 3. To solve word problems and real life problems using fractions. | 1. Solves problems on daily life situations involving addition and subtraction of fractions. | 1. To understand various fractions and their various comparisons 2. (ACTIVITY2) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/school-kit/kit_manual_UP_math.pdf 3. To find the sum of fractions with different denominators. 4. (ACTIVITY9) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
8. DECIMALS (10 PERIODS) | 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Representing Decimals on a Number line 8.3 Hundreths 8.4 Comparing decimals 8.5 Using Decimals 8.6 Addition of Decimals 8.7 Subtraction of Decimals | 1. To understand the concept of decimals and extends the place value system. 2. To compare & convert fractions into decimals and vice-versa. 3. To develop computational skill by applying basic operations on decimals. 4. To apply to real life word problems to find proper solution. | 1. Uses decimals in different situations which involve money, length, weight etc. For example, 7½ metres of cloth, distance between two places is 112.5 km etc. 2. Solves problems on daily life situations involving addition and subtraction of decimals. | 1. To multiply two fractions 2. (ACTIVITY35) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm104.pdf 3. To understand the concept of place values of decimals with the help of abacus 4. (ACTIVITY3) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/school-kit/kit_manual_UP_math.pdf 5. To add decimals. 6. (ACTIVITY14) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
9. DATA HANDLING (6 PERIODS) | 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Recording Data 9.3 Organising Data 9.7 Bar graph | 1. To learn why and how data should be organised. 2. To organise data using tally marks 3. To deveiop skill in representing data in bar graph. | 1. Arranges given/collected information such as expenditure on different items in a family in the last six months, in the form of table and bar graph and interprets them. | 1. To collect data and represent this through a bar graph. 2. (ACTIVITY56) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm105.pdf 3. To obtain area of different geometrical figures using a geo board and verify the result using known formula. |
10. MENSURATION (10 PERIODS) | 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Perimeter 10.3 Area | 1. To understand the concept of perimeter and area. 2. To derive the formula for perimeter and area of a rectangle and a square. 3. To apply formulae and solve different real life problems. | 1. Finds out the perimeter and area of rectangular objects in the surroundings like floor of the class room, surfaces of a chalk box etc. | 1. (ACTIVITY17) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf 2. To obtain the formula for area of a rectangle. 3. (ACTIVITY24) - https://ncert.nic.in/pdf/publication/sciencelaboratorymanuals/classItoVIII/mathematics/ahelm103.pdf |
11. ALGEBRA (10 PERIODS) | 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Matchstick Patterns 11.3 The Idea of a Variable 11.4 More Matchstick Patterns 11.5 More Examples on Variables 11.6 Use of Variables in Common Rules 11.7 Expressions with Variables 11.8 Using Expressions Practically 11.9 What is an Equation 11.10 Solution of an Equation | 1. To use variables in different contexts in mathematics and also appreciate the necessity of representing unknowns by variables. (alphabets) 2. To represent statements int expressions using variables and vice-versa. 3. To classify quantities as variables and constants. 4. To understand algebra as generalisation of arithmetic. 5. To find the value of the variable by solving the equation. 6. To represent life situations in the form of an expression. | 1. Uses variable with different operations to generalise a given situation. For example, Perimeter of a rectangle with sides x units and 3 units is 2(x+3) units. | 1. Making different Matchstik Patterns of various alphabets to arrive at a general formula. |
12. RATIO AND PROPORTION (6 PERIODS) | 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Ratio 12.3 Proportion 12.4 Unitary Method | 1. To understand the meaning and importance of ratio and proportion. 2. Comparing the quantities and computing using appropriate methods. 3. To understand and apply unitary method to solve problems. | 1. Compares quantities using ratios in different situations. For example the ratio of girls to boys in a particular class in 3:2. 2. Uses unitary method in solving various word problems. For example, if the cost of a dozen notebooks is given she finds the cost of 7 notebooks by first finding the cost of 1 notebook. | |
13. SYMMETRY (4 PERIODS) | 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Making Symmetrical Figures 13.3 Figures with Two Lines of Symmetry 13.4 Figures with Multiple Lines of Symmetry | 1. To understand the meaning and existence of symmetry in our life. 2. To develop the skill of drawing and identifying lines of symmetry of some basic plane figures. 3. To deveiop aesthetic sense and appreciating beauty of maths. | 1. Demonstrates an understanding of line symmetry by Identifying symmetrical 2-Dimensional (2-D) shapes which are symmetrical along one or more lines Creating symmetrical 2-D shapes. | 1. Identifying and drawing lines of Symmetry of different plane figures. |
14. PRACTICAL GEOMETRY (6 PERIODS) | 14.1 Introduction 14.2 The Circle 14.5 Angles- Constructing 60˚ & 120˚ | 1. To gain the knowledge of geometrical apparatus. 2. To draw and construct angles ,lines and circles. 3. To discuss and construct special angles like 60˚ & 120˚ using compass and ruler also to maintain neatness and accuracy. | 1. Constructing simple special angles like 60˚and 120˚. | 1. Identifying various instruments present in the geometry box and constructing 60˚ and 120˚using compass and ruler. |
CLASS 7
| CLASS 7 | ||||
CHAPTER/ NO. OF PERIODS | TOPIC TO BE COVERED | LEARNING OBJECTIVES | LEARNING OUTCOMES | ACTIVITES / PRACTICALS |
1. Integers(6) | 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Recall 1.3 Properties of addition and subtraction of Integers 1.4 Multiplication of Integers 1.5 Properties of multiplication of Integers 1.6 Division of Integers 1.7 Properties of Division of Integers | 1. Recall integers in order to in order to differentiate between whole numbers and integers 2. Represent integers on a number line in order to perform operations and verify properties of integers 3. Apply properties of addition and subtraction of integers in order to simplify arithmetic expressions. 4. Apply rules of multiplication of integers in order to solve various arithmetic expressions and contextual problems. 5. Apply properties of multiplication of integers in order to simplify arithmetic expressions. 6. Infer division of integers as inverse operation of multiplication in order to 8 write multiplication statement into corresponding division statement. 7. Apply properties of division of integers in order to simplify arithmetic expressions. | 1. Applies rules for multiplication and division in order to solve problems involving two integers with same or different signs. | ACTIVITY 29. To divide integers using unit squares of different colours. 38. To multiply integers using unit squares of different colours. |
2. Fractions and Decimals(7) | 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Fractions 2.3 Mutiplication of Fractions 2.4 Division of Fractions | 1. Define proper, improper and mixed fractions in order to distinguish between them. 2. Multiply (or divide) numerator and denominator with the same number in order to write equivalent fractions. 3. Multiply fractions in order to calculate the total number of parts. 4. Divide two fractions in order to find the smaller parts of the fraction. | 1. Applies repeated addition and subtraction in order to interpret the division and multiplication of fractions. 2. Applies algorithms for multiplication and division in order to multiply and divide fractions/decimals. | ACTIVITY 28. To multiply a fraction by a number. 36. To divide a fraction by another fraction. 37. To divide a fraction by a natural number. 41. To multiply two decimal using a grid |
2. Fraction and Decimals (cont) | 2.5 Decimal numbers 2.6 Multiplication of Decimals 2.7 division of Decimals | 1. Recall and apply concept of decimal representation and expansion in order to perform mathematical operations on decimal. 2. Find the intersection of 2 decimal numbers on the grid in order to represent their product. 3. Convert decimals into fractions in order to divide decimal number by another decimal number. | 1. Expresses a fraction as percentages and decimals in order to solve daily life problems. | |
3. Data Handling(5) | 3.1.Introduction 3.2 Collecting data 3.3 Organisation of Data 3.4 Representative Values 3.5 Arithmetic mean 3.6 Mode 3.7 Median 3.8 Use of Bar graphs | 1. Collect, record and present data in order to organize experiences and draw inferences from them. 2. Organize raw data into tabular form in order to make data easier to interpret. 3. Calculate average in order to represent the central tendency of the data. 4. Calculate arithmetic mean in order to find its position in the data. 5. Calculate mode of the data in order to find the observation that occurs most often in the data set 6. Calculate median of the data in order to find the observation that lies in the middle of the data set 7. Represent data using double bar graph in order to compare and discuss two collection of data at a glance. | 1. Represents data pictorially in order to interpret data using bar graph. 2. Calculates mean, median and mode in order to find various representative values for simple data from her/his daily life. | ACTIVITY 56.To collect data and represent this through a bar graph |
4. Simple Equations(8) | 4.1 Mind-reading game 4.2 Setting up of an equation 4.3 Review of what we know 4.4 Whatt equation is? 4.5 more Equations 4.6 From solution to equations 4.7 Application of simple equations to practical situations | 1. Use number and variable with different operations in order to express a real life situation in the form of a simple linear equation. 2. Convert the given equation in words in order to express it in statement form. 3. Use trial and error method in order to determine the solution of a simple equation. 4. Create a strategy in order to solve the given simple equation. 5. Use the given solution in order to construct equations from it. 6. Construct simple equations in order to solve them for the given contextual problems/ puzzles. | 1. Translates a real-life situation in the form of a simple algebraic equation in order to arrive at a generalized problem and solution for the situation. | |
5. Lines and Angles(6) | 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Related angles 5.3 Pair of lines 5.4 Checking for parallel lines | 1. Recall the concept of line, line segment and angles in order to identify them in the given figure(s). 2. Identify different types of angles in order to determine the measure of unknown angles in the given figure. 3. Use the properties of angles made by a transversal of parallel lines in order to determine the measure of unknown angles. 4. Create a strategy in order to determine whether the given lines are parallel or not. | 1. Classifies pairs of angles based on their properties in order describe linear, supplementary, complementary, adjacent and vertically opposite angles. 2. Verifies the properties of various pairs Of angles formed when a transversal cuts 2 lines in order demonstrate the properties of angles when two lines are parallel. | ACTIVITY 64. Checking for parallel lines. |
6. The Triangle and its properties(7) | 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Median of a triangle 6.3 Altitudes of a triangle 6.4 Exterior angle of triangle 6.5 angle sum of a triangle 6.6 Two special triangles: Equilateral and isosceles 6.8 Right angle triangle and Pythagoras theorem | 1. Recall the parts of a triangle in order to describe it for the given triangle. 2. Describe median of a triangle in order to identify it for the given triangle. 3. Describe altitude of a triangle in order to identify it for the given triangle. 4. Apply the exterior angle property of a triangle in order to find the measure of the unknown angle in the given triangle. 5. Use appropriate property in order to determine the measure of the unknown angle(s) in the given figure. 6. Apply the Pythagoras property in order to fine the length of the unknown side in a right-angled triangle. | 1. Applies angle sum property of a triangle to calculate unknown angles of a triangle when its two angles are known. | ACTIVITY 58. To make medians of triangle by paper folding. 61. To verify Pythagoras theorem. 65. To verify the angle sum property of triangle. |
7. Congruence of Triangles (5) | 7.1 Introduction 7.2Congruence of plane figures 7.3 Congruence among line segments 7.4Congruence of angles 7.5 Congruence of triangles 7.6 Criteria for congruence of triangles 7.7 Congruence among right angled triangles | 1. Experiment superposition of different figures in order to verify congruence of two figures. 2. Experiment superposition of different lengths in order to understand congruence of two, line segments and vice versa. 3. Experiment superposition of different angles in order to understand congruence of two angles and vice versa. 4. Give example(s) in order to discuss the congruence of triangles and its corresponding parts under a given correspondence. 5. Use Congruence criterion in order to examine whether the given triangles are congruent or not. 6. Use any appropriate criterion of congruency in order to check whether the given triangles are congruent or not. | 1. Applies the similarity rules in order to explains the congruency of triangles on the basis of the information given about them like (sss, sas, asa, rhs). | |
8. Comparing Quantities(6) | 8.1 Introduction 8.2Equivalent ratios 8.3 PERCENTAGE 8.4 Use of percentages 8.5 Prices related to an item or buying and selling 8.6 Charge given on borrowed money or simple interest | 1. Compare the units of the quantities in order to represent them in ratio. 2. Equate ratios in order to represent them in proportion. 3. Convert percentages to fractions or decimals in order to solve real life problems. 4. Calculate increase or decrease in quantity as percentage in order to examine change in quantity based on real life problems. 5. Calculate cost and selling price in order to determine profit/loss percentage. 6. Understand the concept of simple interest in order to interpret word problems. | 1. Applies algorithm to calculate percentages in order to calculate profits, loss and rate of interest in simple interest calculation. | To collect cost price and selling price of 10 items and finding profit or loss percent. |
9. Rational numbers(9) | 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Need for rational numbers 9.3 What are rational numbers 9.4 positive and negative rational numbers 9.5 Rational numbers on a number line 9.6 Rational numbers in standard form 9.7 Comparison of Rational numbers 9.8 Rational numbers between two rational numbers 9.9 Operationon rational numbers | 1. Define rational numbers in order to classify a number as a rational number. 2. Represent integers in the form of numerator/denominator where denominator is non-zero in order to define rational numbers. 3. Multiply numerator and denominator by same non-zero integer in order to find equivalent rational numbers. 4. Define positive and negative rational numbers in order to classify a number as either of them. 5. Construct a number line in order to represent rational numbers on it. 6. Simplify rational number such that there is no common factor between numerator and denominator in order to represent the number in standard form. 7. Determine the distance of a rational number from 0 in order to compare them. 8. Calculate and find rational numbers between any 2 rational numbers in order to infer that there are infinite rational numbers between any 2 given rational numbers. 9. Apply the rules of rational numbers operations in order to simplify arithmetic operation. | 1. Applies appropriate mathematical operations on rational numbers in order to solve problems related to daily life situations. | Representation of rational number on number line |
10. Practical Geometry(3) | 10.1 Introduction 10.3 Construction of triangles 10.4 Constructing triangle with SSS 10.5 Constructing triangle with SAS 10.6 Constructing triangle with ASA 10.7 Constructing triangle with RHS | 1. List and execute steps in order to construct a triangle given the measures of its three sides. 2. List and execute steps in order to construct a triangle when any of its two lengths and an angle between them is given. 3. List and execute steps in order to construct a triangle when any of its two angles and the side included between them is given. 4. List and execute steps in order to construct a right-angled triangle when the length of one leg and its hypotenuse are given. | 1. Uses ruler and a pair of compasses in order to construct the triangles. | |
11.Perimeter and area(5) | 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Squares and rectangles 11.3area of parallelogram 11.4area of triangles 11.5 circles 11.6 conversion of units | 1. Describe the area and perimeter of plane figures in order to find the same for square and rectangle. 2. Recall the concept of congruent figures in order to generalise the area of congruent parts of rectangles. 3. Develop and apply a formula in order to determine the area of a parallelogram. 4. Compare the area of a triangle and its corresponding parallelogram in order to discuss their relation. 5. Develop and apply the formula in order to find the area of a circle and semicircle. 6. Convert units in order to measure area or perimeter in other units. | 1. Applies properties of simple shape in order to calculate the areas of the regions enclosed in a rectangle, a square, parallelogram, triangle and circle. | ACTIVITY 47. To find the ratio of circumference and diameter of the circle. 52. To obtain a formula for the area of the cirlcle. 66. To obtain formula for the area of the parallelogram. ART INTEGRATION PROJECT Create Mandala art using simple geometrical shapes. |
12. Algebraic expressions(4) | 12.1 Introduction 12.2 How are expressions formed? 12.3 Terms of an expression 12.4 Like and unlike terms 12.5 monomial, binomial, trinomial and polynomials | 1. Describe algebraic expressions in order to distinguish them from arithmetic expressions. 2. Combine variables and constants in order to form an algebraic expression for the given statement. 3. Examine the given algebraic expression in order to determine its terms and their factors. 4. Examine the algebraic factors of the given terms in order to distinguish between like and unlike terms. 5. Examine the given algebraic expressions in order to classify them as monomial, binomial, trinomial, polynomial. | 1. Translates a real-life situation in the form of a simple algebraic equation in order to arrive at a generalized problem and solution for the situation. | ACTIVITY 54. To add two algebraic expressions. |
12. Algebraic expressions(CONT)(3) | 12.6 Addition and subtraction of algebraic expressions 12.7 Find the value of an expression | 1. Combine like terms in order to simplify the given algebraic expression. 2. Use the given value of variable(s) in order to evaluate the algebraic expression. | 1. Applies algebraic properties in order to add/subtract two algebraic expressions. | |
13. Exponents and powers (6) | 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Exponents 13.3 Laws of exponents 13.4 Miscellaneous examples 13.5 Decimal number system 13.6 Expressing large numbers in standard form | 1. Describe exponential form of numbers in order to express numbers in exponential notation. 2. Examine the exponential form of the given number in order to identify its base and exponent. 3. Apply laws of exponents in order to simplify a given expression. 4. Expand the given number using powers of 10 in order to express it in the exponent form. 5. Represent large numbers in exponential form in order to read, understand and compare them easily. | 1. Applies properties of exponential numbers in order to simplify problems involving multiplication and division of large numbers. | |
14. Symmetry(3) | 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Line of symmetry for regular polygons 14.3 Rotational symmetry | 1. Give examples and non-examples in order to describe symmetrical figures. 2. Determine lines of symmetry for the given figures in order to classify them on the basis of no. of lines of symmetry. 3. Examine the given figure in order to determine its order of rotation. | 1. Able to define symmetry and identify and list examples of symmetrical objects, both manmade and in nature. 2. Identify objects with reflectional and rotational symmetry. | ACTIVITY 51. To find the order of rotational symmetry of a given figure. |
15.Visualising solid shapes(3) | 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Faces, edges and vertices 15.3 nets for building 3d shapes 15.5 Viewing different sections of a solid | 1. Discuss and give examples in order to differentiate between plane figures and solid shapes. 2. Examine different solid shapes in order to identify and count their number of faces, edges and vertices. 3. Build nets of 3D shapes in order to understand their properties. 4. Examine cross sections of different solid shapes in order to interpret and visualise different planes. | 1. Examine different solid shapes in order to identify and count their number of faces, edges and vertices. 2. Examine cross sections of different solid shapes in order to interpret and visualise different planes. | To find out the nets of given 3D shapes |
CLASS 8
| CLASS VIII | |||||||||||
| NAME OF THE CHAPTER | TOPIC/CONTENT TO BE COVERED | LEARNING OBJECTIVES | LEARNING OUTCOMES | ACTIVITY | LINK OF THE ACTIVITY FOR SELF LEARNING | ||||||
| RATIONAL NUMBERS | 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 PROPERTIES OF RATIONAL NUMBERS 1.3 REPRESENTATION OF RATIONAL NUMBERS ON THE NUMBER LINE | 1. Define rational number in order to identify whether the given number is a rational number or not 2. Apply the properties of natural numbers, whole numbers and integers with respect to all the arithmetic operations and extend them for rational numbers 3. Define the additive and multiplicative identity of rational numbers using prior knowledge. 4. Define the additive and multiplicative inverse of rational numbers using prior knowledge of integers and fractions. 5. Apply Distributive property of multiplication over addition for rational numbers and simplify a given expression. 6. Extend the concepts of number line in order to represent rational number on the number line. | Explores patterns in arithmetic operations in order to generalize properties of addition, sybtraction, multiplication and division for rational numbers. | TO REPRESENT RATIONAL NUMBERS ON A NUMBER LINE | https://www.google.com/search?q=to+represent+a+rational+number+on+a+number+line+-video&oq=to+represent+a+rational+number+on+a+number+line+- | ||||||
LINEAR EQUATIONS IN ONE VARIABLE | 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 SOLVING EQUATIONS WHICH HAVE LINEAR EXPRESSIONS ON ONE SIDE AND NUMBERS ON THE OTHER SIDE 2.3 SOME APPLICATIONS 2.4 SOLVING EQUATIONS HAVING THE VARIABLE ON BOTH THE SIDES 2.5 SOME MORE APPLICATIONS | 1. Identify the variable(s) and the highest power of the variable in a given algebraic equation and distinguish whether it is a linear equation in one variable or not. 2. Substitute the given values of variable and verify whether it is the solution of the equation or not. 3. Transpose terms to the other side in order to solve linear equations which have linear expression on one side and numbers on the other side. 4. Write simple contextual problems as linear equations in one variable and find its solution. 5. Transpose terms to the other side and solve linear equations in one variable. | Use variables in order to solve puzzles and daily life problems | To solve linear equations using activity | |||||||
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS AND IDENTITIES | 9.1 WHAT ARE EXPRESSIONS 9.2 TERMS, FACTORS & COEFFICIENTS 9.3 MONOMIAL, BINOMIAL & POLYNOMIAL 9.4 LIKE & UNLIKE TERMS 9.5 ADDITION & SUBTRACTION OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS 9.6 MULTIPLICATION OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS - INTRODUCTION 9.7 MULTIPLYING MONOMIAL BY MONOMIAL 9.8 MULTIPLYING MONOMIAL BY POLYNOMIAL 9.9 MULTIPLYING POLYNOMIAL BY POLYNOMIAL 9.10 WHAT IS AN IDENTITY 9.11 STANDARD IDENTITIES | 1. Count the number of terms in an algebraic expression and classify them as monomial, binomial, trinomial or polynomial in general. 2. Identify like and unlike terms in algebraic expressions and add or subtract the given algebraic expressions. 3. Use rules of exponents and powers and multiply a monomial by a monomial 4. Extend the multiplication of monomial by a monomial and obtain the product of any number of monomials. 5. Use distributive property of multiplication over addition and subtraction and obtain the product of monomial and a binomial. 6. Use distributive property of multiplication over addition and subtraction and obtain the product of monomial and a trinomial. 7. Use distributive law of multiplication and obtain the product of two binomials. 8. Use distributive law of multiplication and obtain the product of a binomial and a trinomial. 9. Define and compare equation and identity and classify a given question into either of the two. 10. Use multiplication of binomials and explore and verify the standard identities for squares of binomials. | 1. Apply distributive property in order to multiply two algebraic expressions. 2. Use various algebraic identities in order to solve problems of daily life. | 1. Algebra with paper cutting =(a+b)(a+b) 2. Algebra with paper cutting - a^2 - b^2 | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHCQ5sYsVS8 | ||||||
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| FACTORISATION | 14.1 INTRODUCTION 14.2 WHAT IS FACTORISATION 14.3 DIVISION OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS 14.4 DIVISION OF ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS CONTINUED | 1. Express each term as a product of irreducible factors and find the common factors of the given terms. 2. Use the method of common factors and factorize the given algebraic expression 3. Regroup the terms and factorize the given algebraic expressions 4. Apply the standard algebraic identities and factorize the given algebraic expressions(for perfect squares) 5. Factorize algebraic expressions in the form and express it as a product of its irreducible factors of the form. 6. Use the common factor method and divide a monomial by a monomial 7. Use the common factor method and divide a polynomial by a monomial 8. Divide each term in the numerator by the denominator and divide a polynomial by a monomial 9. Use the common factor method and divide a polynomial by a polynomial | 1. Differentiates between expansion and factorisation 2. Understands the factors 3. Understands the suitable identtity. | Activity for splitting by middle term | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wP-DrNWikmY | ||||||
EXPONENTS AND POWERS | 12.1 INTRODUCTION 12.2 POWERS WITH NEGATIVE EXPONENTS 12.3 LAWS OF EXPONENTS | 1. Simplify powers with negative exponents and calculate the multiplicative inverse of a number. 2. Apply the first law of exponents and principles of negative exponents and derive the rest of the laws of exponents. 3. Apply laws of exponents and simplify a given expression. Give different examples of application of the laws. | Apply rules of exponents in order to solve problems with integral exponents. | LAWS OF EXPONENTS | |||||||
PLAYING WITH NUMBERS | 16.1 INTRODUCTION 16.2 NUMBERS IN GENERAL FORM 16.3 GAMES WITH NUMBERS 16.4 LETTERS FOR DIGITS | 1. Use the concepts of place value and express the given numbers in their generalized form. 2. Apply the divisibility rule of 11 and check whether a given number is divisible by 11 or not. 3. Add or subtract a two-digit number and its reverse and check whether it is divisible by 9 or not 4. Subtract a three-digit number and its reverse and verify that it is divisible by 99 5. Form all possible three-digit numbers using the given 3 digits and verify that the sum of these numbers will be divisible by 37 6. Use addition and multiplication and find the values of the letters in the given puzzles | Observe patterns using algebraic operations in order to derive the divisibility rules of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 & 11. | Playing with Numbers (activity) - SUM OF N ODD NUMBERS -PATTERN | |||||||
| DIRECT AND INVERSE PROPORTIONS | 13.1 INTRODUCTION 13.2 DIRECT PROPORTION 13.3 INVERSE PROPORTION | 1. Observe the relationship between the given two quantities and solve to find the constant of proportionality 2. Examine situations and decide whether two quantities are proportional to each other or not 3. Complete a given table showing two proportional quantities and answer questions based on them. 4. Convert the given statement on relationship (directly or inversely proportional) between two quantities into a table and identify the missing quantity and solve for its value. 5. Observe the table and determine which pair of variables are inversely proportional. 6. Create a scale using a suitable proportionality constant and draw a given figure with large dimensions. | Solve problems based on direct or inverse proportions in order to establish how one quantity depends on other. | Direct proportions | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuvdMCDqmKg | ||||||
| INTRODUCION TO GRAPHS | 15.1 INTRODUCTION 15.2 LINEAR GRAPHS 15.3 SOME APPLICATIONS | 1. Draw a line graph and represent the given data that changes continuously over periods of time 2. Interpret the given line graph and answer the given questions 3. Plot a point on the graph and describe its coordinates. 4. Plot the given points on the graph and verify if they lie on the same line or not 5. Choose an appropriate scale and plot a graph for the given data 6. Construct the line graph and discuss the relationship between independent and dependent variable in a given mathematical or a real life situation. | 1. Identifies different graphs 2. Understands the information from the graph 3. Represent the data on the graph. | Exercise problems | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n2YkbdNORp8 | ||||||
| UNDERSTANDING QUADRILATERALS | 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 POLYGONS 3.3 SUM OF MEASURES OF THE EXTERIOR ANGLES OF A POLYGON 3.4 KINDS OF QUADRILATERALS 3.5 SOME SPECIAL PARALLELOGRAMS | 1. List the properties of a polygon and classify the given figures as a polygon 2. List the properties of different types of polygons and classify them as regular or irregular, concave or convex. 3. Recall the angle sum property of triangle and extend it for quadrilaterals. 4. Relate the angle sum property of triangle and quadrilateral and extend it for an n - sided polygon. 5. Apply angle sum property of a quadrilateral and find the measure of the unknown angle in a given quadrilateral. 6. Apply exterior angle property of a polygon and find the measure of the unknown angle in a given figure. 7. List the properties of quadrilaterals and classify them as trapezium, kite and parallelogram. 8. Discuss the properties of a parallelogramin order to describe the relation between its opposite sides, angles and diagonals. 9. Discuss the properties of a rhombus and classify it as special case of kite and parallelogram. 10. Discuss the properties of a rectangle and show that it is a special case of parallelogram. 11. Discuss the properties of a square and show it as special case of parallelogram, rhombus and rectangle. | 1. Use angle sum property in order to solve problems related to angles of quadrilateral 2. Apply reasoning through activities such as constructing parallelograms, drawing their diagonals and measuring their sides and angles in order to verify properties of parallelograms. | Angle sum property of a quadrilateral | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xmBJiDdMXVc | ||||||
| PRACTICAL GEOMETRY | 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 CONSTRUCTING A QUADRILATERAL | 1. Discuss and list the minimum number of elements required and construct a unique quadrilateral. 2. List and execute steps of construction and construct a quadrilateral length if its four sides and a diagonal are given. 3. List and execute steps of construction and construct a quadrilateral length if its three sides and two diagonals are given. 4. List and execute steps of construction and construct a quadrilateral if length of two adjacent sides and measures of three angles are known. 5. List and execute steps of construction and construct a quadrilateral given the length of three sides measures of two included angles are known. | Use compasses and straight edge in order to construct a given quadrilateral. | Exercise problems | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pz64J1hJV8E | ||||||
| DATA HANDLING | 5.1 LOOKING FOR INFORMATION 5.2 ORGANISING DATA 5.3 GROUPING DATA CIRCLE GRAPH OR PIE CHART | 1. Use tally marks and organise the given raw data in a frequency distribution table 2. Use tally marks and prepare a grouped frequency distribution table for large ungrouped data 3. Construct histogram and represent the given grouped data 4. Explain the elements of the given histogram and interpret it. 5. Construct a circle graph with the given data 6. Infer a variety of information from a given circle graph. | Draw and interpret bar graphs and pie charts in order to answer a variety of questions based on them. | Pie chart | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oShnkmA_ww | ||||||
| SQUARES AND SQUARE ROOTS | 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6.2 PROPERTIES OF SQUARE NUMBERS 6.3 SOME MORE INTERESTING PATTERNS 6.4 FINDING THE SQUARE OF A NUMBER 6.5 SQUARE ROOTS 6.6 SQUARE ROOTS OF DECIMALS | 1. Define perfect squares in order to classify the given numbers as perfect squares or non - perfect squares. 2. Observe the number in order to find the unit place of its square 3. Observe different number patterns and deduce square numbers 4. Use the rule that there are exactly 2n non-perfect square numbers between the squares of the number n and (n + 1) and find how many numbers, lie between the squares of the given two consecutive numbers 5. Use the rule that a perfect square number (n^2) can be written as the sum of first n odd Natural numbers and distinguish between square and non - square numbers 6. Apply inverse operations on a given perfect square and deduce square root of this number 7. Use prime factorization method and find the square root of the given perfect square 8. Use prime factorization method and determine whether the given number is a perfect square or not 9. Use long division method and find the square root of the given perfect square number 10. Use long division method and find the square root of the given decimal number | Apply different methods in order to find the squares and square roots of a given number | To find sum of n terms using paper foldings | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEwOPEWoocE | ||||||
| VISUALISING SOLID SHAPES | 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10.2 VIEWS OF 3D SHAPES 10.4 FACES, EDGES AND VERTICES | 1. Compare 2D shapes and 3D shapes and classify a given shape into either 2. Identify different shapes in nested objects and match the object with its shape 3. Visualize 3D objects and draw them from different perspectives 4. Discuss the given front, top and side view of an object and identify the object 5. Identify faces, edges and vertices in a given solid and classify it as a polyhedron or a non - polyhedron 6. Count vertices, edges and faces in 3D figures with flat faces and verify Euler's formula | 1. Visualize 3-D shapes in order to represent them in a plane surface such as sheet of paper, black board, etc. 2. Analyze patterns in order to verify Euler's relation | Exercise problems- Art Integrated | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dy5kSTjPQj8 | ||||||
| CUBES AND CUBE ROOTS | 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7.2 CUBES 7.3 CUBE ROOTS | 1. Define perfect cube/cube number and classify the given numbers as cubes or non - cube numbers 2. Observe the pattern of cube of even numbers and generalize that cubes of even numbers are even 3. Observe the pattern of cube of numbers with one's digit as 1, 2, 3, 4, …and explore the one's digit of their perfect cubes and comment on it 4. Add n consecutive odd numbers and get the sum equal to n^3 5. Use prime factorization and rule out a number as a perfect cube 6. Use prime factorization on the given number and find the smallest number to be operated (all the four arithmetic operations) on given number to get a perfect cube 7. Use prime factorization and find the cube root of a given number. | Apply different methods in order to find the cubes and cube roots of a given number | NIL | NIL | ||||||
COMPARING QUANTITIES | 8.1 RECALLING RATIOS AND PERCENTAGES 8.2 FINDING THE INCREASE AND DECREASE PERCENT 8.3 FINDING DISCOUNTS 8.4 PRICES RELATED TO BUYING AND SELLING (PROFIT & LOSS) 8.5 SALES TAX/ VALUE ADDED TAX/ GOODS AND SERVICESTAX 8.6 COMPOUND INTEREST 8.8 RATE COMPOUNDED ANNUALLY | 1. Convert ratios to percentage and solve the given equations 2. Apply the formula for discount and discount percentage and solve the given problem on discount 3. Calculate the discount in given situations and comment whether the seller has made a profit/loss in the given transaction 4. Define and compare simple interest and compound interest and comment on the situations where either of the two are applied 5. Calculate the simple interest and find the total amount to be paid by the debtor 6. Calculate the compound interest and find the total amount to be paid by the debtor | Observe a given context in order to apply the concepts of profit and loss, discount, VAT, simple and compound interest | NIL | NIL | ||||||
| MENSURATION | 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11.2 LET US RECALL 11.3 AREA OF TRAPEZIUM 11.4 AREA OF GENERAL QUADRILATERAL 11.5 AREA OF POLYGON 11.6 SOLID SHAPES 11.7 SURFACE AREA OF CUBE, CUBOID AND CYLINDER 11.8 VOLUME OF CUBE, CUBOID AND CYLINDER 11.9 VOLUME AND CAPACITY | 1. Calculate area and perimeter of circle, square, rectangle, triangle and calculate area and perimeter of adjoint shapes 2. Breakdown a given trapezium into known figures (triangles, squares, rectangles) and derive the formula for the area of a trapezium 3. Calculate the area of a given polygon after breaking down the polygon in multiple ways and compare the values and comment on it 4. Illustrate 2-D representation of a cuboid, cube and cylinder and compute the surface areas by breaking them into areas of known figures 5. Calculate the surface area of a cube, cuboid and cylinder to determine the cost of painting/covering their surface 6. Calculate the volume of a given cube, cuboid, cylinder and infer the quantity of any substance it can hold 7. Modify the values of l, b, h and examine the effect it has on the value of the surface area/volume of a cuboid 8. Modify the values of r, h and examine the effect it has on the value of the surface area/volume of a cylinder 9. Calculate the volume of a given cuboid, cylinder and determine the time taken to fill it with a liquid at a given rate | Use appropriate formulae in order to find surface area and volume of cuboidal and cylindrical object | Activity - Relationship between volume of cone and cylinder | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ZACAU4SGyM | ||||||
CLASS 8
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