Activity W 4.4 - Exploring Data Through Graphs and Charts
Procedure
A project may be given to students to collect the data from reliable sources.
Students should be divided into groups of 4–5.
1. Every group has to collect data on the following topics:
Temperature of your city in the month of July for the last 5 years.
Literacy rate of any 5 states of India in the last five years.
How many students of your class like ice-cream among the following:
vanilla, chocolate cone, butter scotch, strawberry and kesar-pista.
What is the favourite game among the following: cricket, football, basketball, tennis, badminton and volleyball.
Collect data from the students of your class.
2. Each group has to make a table with tally marks.
3. Each group has to draw a bar graph, line graph and pictograph for the collected data.
Teacher will provide opportunity to every group to present their work in front of the whole class.
Here is an example:
Take population of a country in different decades.
Represent the data as a pictograph, bar graph and line graph.
Pictograph
😊 = 20 crore people.
Discuss:
1. What is the difference between these three graphs?
| Graph Type | Use | Visual Advantage |
|---|---|---|
| Pictograph | Uses icons or symbols to show data. | Makes data fun and easy to understand. |
| Bar Graph | Uses bars to represent quantities. | Great for comparing groups or categories. |
| Line Graph | Connects data points to show changes over time. | Best for showing trends and progressions. |
-
Pictograph:
A pictograph uses pictures or symbols to represent data. Each symbol stands for a specific number of items. It makes the data easy to read and more visually interesting, especially for younger audiences. -
Bar Graph:
A bar graph uses rectangular bars (either vertical or horizontal) to show the quantity of different categories. The length of the bar shows how large or small the value is. It is useful for comparing data from different groups. -
Line Graph:
A line graph uses points connected by lines to show trends over time. It helps to easily spot increases or decreases in the data and is best used for data that changes continuously (like temperature or literacy rates).
2. In which situation could a line graph not be drawn from the data collected by the students and why?
A line graph cannot be drawn for:
-
Ice-cream preferences
-
Favourite games
Reason:
A line graph is used for continuous data or to show change over time.
Ice-cream flavours and favourite games are examples of categorical data (choices, not numbers that change over time). Since these are simply preferences without any timeline or continuous flow, a line graph would not be appropriate.
Line Graphs are for time-based or continuous data (like temperature or literacy rate).
-
Bar Graphs & Pictographs are great for category-based data (like games or ice-cream).
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